• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a floating marine turbine (100) comprising: a floating structure (10); a technical room (2, 3) resting on said floating structure (10) above the water; a mast (30) diving into the water; a propeller (50) immersed and rotatably mounted at the base of the mast (30); said tidal turbine (100) being characterized in that the floating structure (10) is symmetrical and that the floating tidal turbine (100) comprises: V-shaped frontal protection elements (15, 17) positioned at the bow (11). ) and to the stern (12) of the floating structure (10); lateral protection members (16) extending longitudinally between the frontal protection elements (15, 17) located at the bow (11) and the frontal protection elements (15, 17) located at the stern (12) of the floating structure (10).
    公开号:FR3035452A1
    申请号:FR1553589
    申请日:2015-04-22
    公开日:2016-10-28
    发明作者:Franck Jouanny；Samuel Lauret；Gildas Gerard；Robin Babut
    申请人:Hydrotube Energie；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0001] The invention relates to the field of tidal turbines mounted on floats designed to autonomously exploit the surface energy of fluvial currents, estuarine or oceanic coastal tidal currents for the production of electrical energy. Therefore, the field of the invention is well distinguished from the field of submarine tidal turbines intended to exploit the marine currents or fluvial water at depth, that is to say several meters deep. PRIOR ART [0003] Conventionally, floating turbines using surface currents are fixed on pontoons and slide depending on the tides on dolphins with little protection against ice jams or other floating or immersed waste carried by surface currents. In addition, depending on the areas of operation, some waste or objects, carried in quantity by river currents, can damage the tidal stream irreversibly or to a lesser extent to obstruct the waterways reducing and its performance and therefore requiring frequent interventions by an operator to perform maintenance operations. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0005] In this context, the invention aims to propose an autonomous floating turbine to overcome the disadvantages mentioned above and to reduce the interventions on the tidal turbine especially when it is used in a environment carrying large quantities of objects. To this end, the invention relates to a floating tidal turbine comprising: a floating structure; two technical rooms resting on said floating structure above the water; a mast diving into the water; a propeller with horizontal or vertical rotation axis, immersed and rotatably mounted at the base 3035452 2 of the mast; said tidal turbine being characterized in that the floating structure is symmetrical and that the floating tidal turbine comprises: V-shaped front protection elements positioned at the bow and stern of the floating structure; lateral protection members extending longitudinally between the frontal protection elements located at the bow and the frontal protection elements (located at the stern (12) of the floating structure (10). According to the invention, effective protections of the propeller against jams conveyed by the rivers by placing in place a reinforced front and side protection structure of the propeller while allowing the flow of water to pass. [0008] Advantageously, the front protection elements are formed in the upper part by a solid deflector element able to withstand shocks and in the lower part by at least one protective grid capable of forming a filter. Advantageously, the elements Lateral protection is formed by solid plates. Advantageously, the floating structure is formed by a plurality of float tubes arranged so as to form a tube. a symmetrical structure 20 having a V shape at the stern and the bow of the floating tidal turbine. Such a floating symmetrical V structure ensures good marine behavior. Advantageously, the floating tidal turbine comprises a bearing structure resting on the floating structure, said supporting structure supporting the mast and allowing a vertical displacement and a rotation of said mast around its longitudinal axis. The emerging load-bearing structure thus facilitates maintenance operations, in particular of the generator and the rotating elements. [0012] Advantageously, the tidal turbine comprises maneuvering means for mounting, and / or lowering and / or tilting said mast. Advantageously, said mast supports a waterproof bulb, capable of being immersed, comprising an electric generator having a horizontal or vertical axis of rotation. Advantageously, the tidal turbine comprises means allowing a self-alignment of said bulb in an estuarine or fluvial stream. Advantageously, the tidal turbine comprises means for automatically locking / unlocking the position of the bulb according to the direction of an estuarine or fluvial flow. Advantageously, the tidal turbine comprises two moorings, a first positioned at the bow and a second positioned at the stern of the tidal turbine, the two moorings allowing self-alignment of the floating tidal stream in a vessel. flow of water. Advantageously, the tidal turbine has two moorings coupled to voltage sensors measuring in real time the voltage of said mooring lines. [0018] Advantageously, the tidal turbine comprises measuring instruments for instantaneous and continuous measurement of the temperature of the technical rooms and the watertight bulb and / or the depth of the water and / or the speed of the current and / or or the speed of rotation of the helix and / or the position of the propeller shaft, and / or the electrical power produced. [0019] Advantageously, the tidal turbine comprises a man / machine interface and communication means making it possible to remotely control said floating tidal turbine. [0020] Advantageously, the tidal turbine comprises communication means making it possible to remotely send the measurement data 25 mentioned above. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES [0021] Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge on reading the description which follows, with reference to the appended figures. Figure 1 illustrates in perspective a first embodiment 30 of a floating turbine according to the invention during its operation. FIG. 2 illustrates a side view of the first embodiment of the floating tidal turbine illustrated in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 illustrates a front view of the first embodiment of the tidal turbine. [0024] FIG. According to the invention illustrated in FIG. 1, FIG. 4 illustrates in front view of the first embodiment of the floating tidal turbine according to the invention during a shutdown. Figure 5 illustrates a perspective view of the submerged portion of a self-aligning device of the floating marine turbine according to the invention. [0027] Figure 6 illustrates a perspective view of the emerging portion 10 of a self-aligning device of the floating tidal turbine according to the invention. Figures 7a to 7d illustrate different states of the self-aligning device of the floating marine turbine according to the invention during a change of direction of a stream of water. [0029] FIG. 8 illustrates a perspective view of the emergent portion 15 of a second embodiment of a self-aligning device of the floating tidal turbine according to the invention. In all the figures, the common elements bear the same references unless otherwise specified. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT [0031] FIG. 1 illustrates in perspective the floating tidal turbine according to the invention, during its use. FIG. 2 illustrates, in side view, the floating tidal turbine according to the invention, during its use. FIG. 3 illustrates, in front view, the floating tidal turbine according to the invention, during its use. The floating tidal turbine 100 according to the invention is a self-contained tidal turbine 25 to adapt autonomously to the direction and strength of the current. The floating tidal turbine 100 according to the invention is formed by: a floating structure 10 symmetrical and supporting all the elements constituting the tidal turbine 100; - a bearing structure 20 emerged and connected to the floating structure 10; a vertical mast 30; a sealed bulb 40 (or torpedo) comprising all of the mechanical and electromechanical part of the floating marine turbine, the bulb 40 being connected to a propeller 50 with a horizontal or vertical axis, the assembly being intended to be positioned under the water. The floating structure 10 is a symmetrical structure similar to a zodiac type geometry formed for example by an assembly of six float tubes 13 made of steel. The floating structure 10 thus comprises two longitudinal float tubes 13 connected on both sides to two other float tubes 13 forming the ends of the floating structure 10, ie forming the bow 11 and the stern 12 of the structure 10 The two end tubes meet to form a V-shaped profile whose tip is intended to be positioned against the direction of the current. The opening angle of this V profile is preferably between 80 ° and 95 °, and preferably 90 °. This symmetrical shape of the floating structure 10 thus makes it possible to be particularly adapted to exploit the currents of the estuarine rivers and to guarantee a high stability of the floating turbine in operation. The floating structure 10 is dimensioned so that the waterline 110 is advantageously located at half height of the float tubes 13 constituting the floating structure 10. According to an alternative embodiment, the floating structure 10 can be made of plastic or resin reinforced or not with fibrous materials, such as glass, carbon, etc. The floating tidal turbine 100 also comprises front protection elements and lateral protection elements secured to the periphery of the floating structure 10 and making it possible to protect the propeller 50 as well as the bulb 40 of the floating or immersed objects carried away. by surface currents. The frontal protection elements are formed by a V-shaped structure positioned at the bow 11 and the stern 12 of the tidal turbine and advantageously matching the V-shaped profile of the floating structure 10. The elements frontal protection are thus constituted by: - a solid element forming a shield, said deflector element 15 or jam barrier, in the upper part; and by protective grids 17 positioned under the ice damper 15. The deflection element 15 is advantageously formed by two deviating plates 15a, 15b, for example made of aluminum, for example plunging from 40 to 60 cm under The deflecting plates 15a, 15b thus form a protection, such as a frontal shield, against the ice jams but also make it possible to divert the jams or floating objects, arriving at the front, so as to separate them from the tidal turbine, and more particularly of the propeller 50 and the bulb 40 by imposing a new trajectory. Thus, at impact and under the thrust of the current, jams striking the floating structure 10 are forced to follow another path that is given by the profile of the deviating surfaces. The grids 17 are positioned and welded under the deviating plates 15a, 15b and therefore intended to be fully immersed. The protective grids 17 are arranged so as to lie for example between 40cm and 1m20 minimum below the waterline 110. The grids 17 are also arranged according to the V-shaped profile previously described because they are positioned in the continuity of the plates deviators 15a, 15b. The protective grids 17 provide additional protection to that of the deflecting plates 15a, 15b for the frontal protection of the bulb 40 and the propeller 50, in particular for the protection against the immersed portions of the ice jams, while allowing the flow of water to pass through. water so as to form a filtering of the water flow and thus prevent the blades of the propeller from encountering too large objects. The grids 17 are for example made of steel with a thickness of a few millimeters. The protective grids 17 are for example formed by a plurality of vertical uprights 8 mm in thickness spaced by a step of 45 cm and by a plurality of horizontal uprights 6 6 mm thick spaced by a step of 15 cm. The vertical and horizontal uprights forming the grids 17 are advantageously profiled and parallel to the flow of water flow symbolized by the reference FX in FIG. 1, so as not to generate additional loss of speed of the water or traction. The lateral protection elements 16 are formed by side skirts extending longitudinally between two front protection elements or more particularly between two deviating plates 15a or 15b. [0043] The lateral protection elements 16 are formed by lateral skirts extending longitudinally between two front protection elements or more particularly between two deviating plates 15a or 15b. in order to form side protections of the bulb 40 and the helix 50. [0044] The side skirts have, for example, solid plates of aluminum or steel plunging at least one meter below the waterline 110. side skirts can be attached directly to the longitudinal float tubes 13 or by means of support plates (not shown) idairs float tubes 13 allowing, via removable links 20 between the side skirts 16 and the support plates, to position and / or remove depending on the location of operation or to facilitate maintenance operations. The bearing structure 20 is a structure for maintaining, pivoting and lifting the mast 30. The supporting structure 20 is 25 secured to the floating structure 10 in its lower part by means of four lugs. 23 welded on the upper part of the floating structure 10. The bearing structure 20 is thus secured to these four lugs 23 by screwing. The supporting structure 20 comprises hinges secured to the receiving lugs allowing it to tilt laterally for the assembly / disassembly of the bulb 40. The bearing structure 20 also comprises an upper bearing 21 in the upper part and a lower bearing 22 in the lower part so to maintain the mast 30 at its center, the support of its weight during the energy production phases and its rotation in the estuarine currents allowing a self-alignment of the propeller 50 facing the current. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the supporting structure 20 is formed from square-section aluminum profiles to lighten the total weight of the floating tidal turbine 100. [0047] The vertical mast 30 is pivotally mounted in the bearing structure 20, via the bearings 21, 22 mentioned above, and is integral with the bulb 40 of the tidal turbine in the lower part (ie the part intended to be immersed).
    [0002] The diameter of the mast will be determined according to the current and the site of operation. For example, the diameter of the mast is between 260 mm and 330 mm. The mast is coupled to a manual or electrical maneuvering system for lifting the central mast 30 for example for maintenance or for securing the bulb / propeller unit, and its descent for the operation of the tidal turbine. 4 illustrates the floating tidal turbine 100 when stopped when the mast 30 is reassembled. The bulb 40 is a sealed bulb intended to be immersed and comprises the mechanical and electromechanical assembly of the tidal turbine 100 20 as for example the electric generator, a multiplier, rotating elements, a mechanical brake. The bulb 40 is connected to a propeller 50 with a horizontal or vertical axis via a horizontal rotating shaft transmitting the rotation of the propeller 50 to the electric generator. [0050] The propeller 50 is a three-blade propeller conventionally held on the rotating shaft by means of jaws on either side of the rotating shaft. The blades of the propeller can be made of resin, aluminum or composite materials. The floating tidal turbine 100 according to the invention also comprises two technical rooms 2, 3 in the form of boxes integral with the floating structure 10 for accommodating the electrical control and conversion apparatus of the floating tidal turbine 100 transforming the current generated by the generatrix (or alternator) located in the bulb 40 current exploitable and injectable on the power grid or substituting for an electrical network (in local operation for example). The floating tidal turbine 100 also comprises two moorings 18, 5 19 instrumented positioned at the bow 11 and at the stern 12 of the floating structure 10 for anchoring the floating tidal turbine 100 in its operating zone. The moorings 18, 19 are advantageously positioned at the ends of the floating structure 10 so as to allow self-alignment of the floating marine turbine 100 parallel to the direction of the flow of water. The moorings 18, 19 are coupled to anchor line sensors formed by extensometers thus making it possible to continuously monitor the tension of the moorings 18, 19 and to detect the presence or absence of a stack of floating waste on the floating structure 10. Thus the anchor line sensors make it possible to ensure continuous monitoring of the tension of the anchors and to trigger alerts when the tension of the anchor lines is greater than predefined thresholds. Thus, it is possible to define different thresholds whose exceedance generates different alerts and / or actions of the tidal turbine that may subsequently require interventions by an operator. It is also intended to set warning thresholds when the voltage is greater than a predetermined value for a certain period of time, which makes it possible to identify and differentiate a point voltage resulting from a tree trunk shock. a constant and sustained tension resulting from an ice jam "hooked" to the tidal turbine. The floating turbine 100 according to the invention also comprises temperature probes for controlling the temperature of the bulb 40 and the technical rooms 2,3 so as to ensure the proper operation of the magnets of the alternator. For the cooling of the bulb 40, different devices can be used such as for example radiators, aerators, fans, etc. Exceeding certain predetermined temperature thresholds may also cause the triggering of different alarms and / or actions up to the automatic shutdown of the tidal turbine if necessary and the automatic lifting of the mast 30. [0055] floating tidal turbine 100 according to the invention also comprises a series of sensors for example to measure the speed of the water flow, to measure the speed of rotation of the helix, to measure the relative position of the rotating shaft. The floating tidal turbine 100 is also equipped with a man / machine interface and communication means making it possible to remotely receive the data measured by the various on-board sensors and to remotely control the tidal turbine, for example by stopping the remote production. The floating tidal turbine 100 according to the invention further comprises a self-aligning device 200 allowing automatic alignment of the bulb 40, and therefore of the propeller 50, as a function of the direction of the flow of water. The self-aligning device 200 is particularly illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6. FIG. 5 more particularly illustrates a perspective view of the immersed part of the self-aligning device 200 of the floating marine turbine 100 according to the invention. . FIG. 6 more particularly illustrates a perspective view of the emergent part of the self-aligning device 200 of the floating marine turbine 100 according to the invention. This device 200 thus makes it possible to self-align the propeller 50 and the bulb 40 during the current reversals between the rising tides and the descending tides. The self-aligning device 200 comprises a first empennage 201, said feather bulb, secured to the bulb 40 at its rear portion, that is to say the opposite of the propeller 50 This first empennage 201 is intended to be immersed and makes it possible to orient the bulb 40 and therefore the propeller 50 as a function of the direction of the tide. The self-alignment device also comprises locking / unlocking means 210 for locking and unlocking the position of the bulb 40 according to the direction of the tides and during inversions 30 of the current. To this end, the locking / unlocking means 210 comprise two locks 215, 315 advantageously positioned above the surface of the water and cooperating, via vertical axes 216, 217 dipping below the surface of the water. water, with two empennages 202, 203 to be immersed and to make an opening or closing of the locks 215, 315 depending on the direction of the current. The latches 215, 315 are held in position by locking springs 213 requiring the application of a certain force to allow the locking or unlocking of the blade 211. The empennages 202, 203 are therefore dimensioned accordingly to allow the locking. locking / unlocking the locks 215, 315 according to a certain predetermined current force. Figures 7a to 7d illustrate more particularly the operation of the self-aligning device 200 according to the invention during a current reversal (for example during the passage of a rising tide at 15 tide). FIGS. 7a to 7d illustrate in top view the emergent portion of the self-aligning device 200. FIG. 7a illustrates the self-alignment device 200 at the end of a rising tide, ie just before slack. During this step, the propeller 50 is facing the current and the upstream lock 215 is in the closed position, ie it blocks the blade 211 in position. Indeed, under the effect of the current illustrated in FIG. 7a , the empennage 203 of the lock 215 and the compression spring 213 exert a force on the upstream lock 215 able to keep it in the closed position and to block the rotation of the mast 30 by blocking the position of the blade 211. 25 At the beginning of the ebb tide, ie when the current reverses, as shown in Figure 7b, the force of the current intensifies and exerts on the empennage 203 of the lock 215 a force which becomes greater than the The self-aligning device 200 also includes springs 214 for pushing the blade 211 from the mast 30 when the latch 215 is in its unlocked position, so as to release the blade 211. the empennage 201 of the bulb 4 0 has a bearing surface sufficient to allow to initiate the rotation of the propeller 50 under the effect of the current. When the force of the current increases, the rotation of the mast 30 and therefore of the bulb 40 and the helix 50 is almost complete as illustrated in FIG. 7c. The blade 211 thus comes into contact with the end of the second latch 315 whose rounded shape facilitates the opening of the latch 315 5 under the force of the blade 211 pushed by the empennage 201 of the bulb 40. At this stage, the current must be strong enough to allow the end of the blade 211 to pass the rounded shape of the lock 315 and thus to compensate the force of the locking spring 213. Thus, throughout the descent of the tide, the propeller 50 is held in position against the current as shown in FIG. 7d. The cycle described above begins again at the end of the descent of the tide by taking into account a 180 ° inversion with respect to the figures described. FIG. 8 illustrates a perspective view of the emergent portion of a second embodiment of a self-aligning device 300 of the floating marine turbine according to the invention. This second embodiment is identical to the first embodiment described above with the exception of the bulb / propeller system 150 which has a vertical axis of rotation. According to another embodiment of the invention, the floating structure and the supporting structure are dimensioned to allow the positioning and the maintenance of a plurality of rods coupled to bulbs and propellers with a vertical axis of rotation and / or horizontal. The invention has been particularly described for exploiting the surface energy of fluvial and estuarine currents; however, the invention is also applicable to the exploitation of the surface energy of marine currents.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. Floating water heater (100) comprising: - a floating structure (10); a technical room (2, 3) resting on said floating structure (10) above the water; - a mast (30) diving into the water; - a propeller (50) immersed and rotatably mounted at the base of the mast (30); said tidal turbine (100) being characterized in that the floating structure (10) is symmetrical and the floating tidal turbine (100) comprises: - V-shaped frontal protection elements (15, 17) positioned at the bow ( 11) and to the stern (12) of the floating structure (10); - lateral protection elements (16) extending longitudinally between the frontal protection elements (15, 17) situated at the bow (11) and the frontal protection elements (15, 17) situated at the stern (12) of the floating structure (10).
    [0002]
    2. Floating water (100) according to the preceding claim characterized in that the front protection elements are formed in the upper part by a solid deflector element (15) and in the lower part by at least one protective grid (17).
    [0003]
    3. floating water (100) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the side protection elements are formed by solid plates.
    [0004]
    4. Floating water (100) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the floating structure (10) is formed by a plurality of float tubes (13) arranged to form a symmetrical structure having a V shape at the level of the stern (11) and the bow (12) of the floating tidal turbine (100). 3035452 14
    [0005]
    5. Floating water (100) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises an emergent bearing structure (20) resting on the floating structure (10), said bearing structure (20) supporting the mast (30) and allowing vertical movement and rotation of said mast (30) about its longitudinal axis. Floating water (100) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises operating means for mounting and / or lower and / or tilt said mast (30). Floating water (100) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that said mast (30) supports a submergible waterproof bulb (40) having an electric generator having a horizontal or vertical axis of rotation. Floating water (100) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises means for self-alignment of said bulb (40) in a stream of water. Floating water (100) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises means for automatically locking / unlocking the position of the bulb (40) according to the direction of the water flow. Floating water (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises two moorings (18, 19), a first positioned at the bow (11) and a second positioned at the stern (12) of the tidal turbine, the two moorings (18, 19) allowing a self-alignment of the floating tidal turbine (100) in a stream of water. 11. floating water (100) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises two mooring lines (18, 19) coupled to 5
    [0006]
    6. 10
    [0007]
    7. 15
    [0008]
    8. 20
    [0009]
    9. 25
    [0010]
    10 3035452 15 voltage sensors measuring in real time the voltage of said mooring lines (18, 19). 12. floating water (100) according to one of the preceding claims 5 characterized in that it comprises measuring instruments for instantaneous and continuous measurement of temperature and / or depth and / or speed of the current and / or the speed of rotation of the helix and / or the position of the propeller shaft, and / or the electrical power produced. 13. Floating water (100) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises a man / machine interface and communication means for remotely controlling said floating turbine (100). 14. Floating water (100) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises communication means for sending remote measurement data. 15 20
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2016170116A1|2016-10-27|
    FR3035452B1|2017-06-09|
    引用文献:
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    FR3063525A1|2017-03-02|2018-09-07|Hydrotube Energie|AUTONOMOUS FLOATING HYDROLIENNE|
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    法律状态:
    2016-03-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2016-10-28| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20161028 |
    2017-03-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2018-04-12| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2020-01-10| ST| Notification of lapse|Effective date: 20191206 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1553589A|FR3035452B1|2015-04-22|2015-04-22|AUTONOMOUS FLOATING HYDROLIENNE|FR1553589A| FR3035452B1|2015-04-22|2015-04-22|AUTONOMOUS FLOATING HYDROLIENNE|
    PCT/EP2016/059010| WO2016170116A1|2015-04-22|2016-04-22|Self-contained floating marine turbine|
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